Historiographia Linguistica - Current Issue

Summary

This article brings to light an unpublished treatise on orthographically different but phonetically identical vowels entitled Περὶ ἀντιστοίχων and transmitted in manuscripts Barocci 10 (14th/15th century) and Barocci 48 (15th century), both kept in the Bodleian library in Oxford. The Περὶ ἀντιστοίχων is one of the many orthographical works composed to help with the spelling problems that arose in the Greek language due to the fact that over the centuries the sound of certain Greek vowels became identical, thus making the spelling of words a real challenge. As well as providing the editio princeps for this text, this article discusses its history and background, its features, and its relationship with other grammatical and lexicographical sources, primarily with Pseudo-Zonaras’ Lexicon, and suggests that the Περὶ ἀντιστοίχων is possibly an indirect witness to Pseudo-Zonaras’ Lexicon.

Abstract

One of the most obscure and most frequently commented on texts in Arabic grammatical tradition is the opening formulation in its earliest extant book, Sībawayhi’s al-Kitāb, concerning the tripartite division of parts of speech. For the third part of speech, the particle, around which the present article revolves, Sībawayhi uses a complex term, whose head is ḥarf, a term which is commonly used by itself by later grammarians for this part of speech. This article revisits the question of whether the term ḥarf by itself denotes “particle” in al-Kitāb, alongside the denotation “word”. Following Weiss’ article, published more than a hundred years ago, it will be argued that ḥarf does not denote “particle” in al-Kitāb, though occurrences thereof may refer to particles, and that scholars who ascribe the later denotation “particle” to ḥarf in al-Kitāb do so due to an anachronistic bias.

Summary

In the early 1920s, the Dutch linguist Jacques van Ginneken S. J. (1877–1945) was involved in Significs, an idealistic-linguistic movement. He joined the group despite his objections against language reform, which was a central signific goal. The curious combination of Van Ginneken’s considerable impact on the movement and the tensions between this Jesuit linguist and his co-significians, brilliant intellectuals and social idealists, calls for further analysis. In this article, Van Ginneken’s contribution to Significs and his complicated role in the movement will be discussed in some detail. Special attention will be paid to the position of Van Ginneken and the leading significians in the contemporary multi-faceted transition from linguistic psychologism to linguistic anti-psychologism. Both parties adopted a prominently psychologistic program, which entailed some shared focuses of interest. However, they combined this with very diverse anti-psychologistic elements, which widened the gap between them.

Résumé

Le Cercle linguistique de New York est créé en 1943 dans le contexte de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Cet article porte sur les débuts de cette société savante avant la parution du premier numéro de sa revue, Word. On reconstitue à partir de sources inédites les premières années du Cercle sous ses divers aspects : ses liens avec l’École libre des hautes études, ses règles de fonctionnement, ses activités scientifiques, la liste de ses membres… On étudie également les relations entre linguistes américains et Européens exilés au sein du Cercle. Les premières années du Cercle linguistique de New York sont un observatoire non seulement de la diffusion du structuralisme européen aux Etats-Unis, mais aussi de la connexion entre la linguistique européenne et américaine qui joue un rôle crucial pour la linguistique d’après-guerre.

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