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- Volume 38, Issue, 2014
Language Problems and Language Planning - Volume 38, Issue 1, 2014
Volume 38, Issue 1, 2014
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Language-education policies and international institutions: The World Bank’s vs. UNESCO’s global framework
Author(s): Maryam Borjianpp.: 1–18 (18)More LessOne of the grand claims of neoliberalism is that the free-market world is an ‘actor-free’ process, in which no one is in charge. The aim of this article is to problematize this claim by examining the agency of two international institutions, the World Bank and UNESCO, and the ways in which they shape global language-education policies. In light of the latest reports released by the two institutions, the findings of this study suggest that both institutions are key players in the realm of global policies. Their differences, however, recline in their orientations, motives, and power. Whereas the World Bank is a finance institution with ‘economic prosperity’ as its motto, and neoliberalism as the basis of its policies, UNESCO is an intellectual institution with peace as its mantra, and universal consensus and social inclusion as the basis of its policies. The impact of such differences is notable on the type of policies each institution advocates. Whereas the World Bank’s policies call for an alliance between language, education and economy as a means to eradicate poverty and achieve development, UNESCO’s policies call for multiculturalism, multilingualism, and pluralism in education as a means to promote intercultural and international dialogues as a strategy to safeguard peace. The former model is currently in vogue in education sectors worldwide. Its global domination, however, cannot be explained without taking into account the financial supremacy of the World Bank, the economic dependency of many world’s nations on the World Bank’s long-term developmental loans, and the many conditions set by the Bank for its loan distributions, which includes, among others, the implementation of its neoliberal-driven educational and linguistic policies.
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Unfirm ground: A re-assessment of language policy in Ireland since Independence
Author(s): Conchúr Ó Giollagáinpp.: 19–41 (23)More LessThis is the first of a two-part article which examines the implications of the transformations in the relationship between those who exercise political and State power in Ireland and those who adhere to the minority Irish language culture. The evolution of language policy in the Irish State since independence in 1922 is considered from the perspective of linguistic sustainability, as opposed to the well-established trend in language policy discourse in Ireland which primarily focuses on institutional provision. The analysis here delineates the various policy phases which defined the official approach of the Irish State to its national but minority language. This analysis provides the basis for the examination in the second article of the process of contemporary language policy reform in Ireland. From the joint perspective of legacy issues in language policy and planning and the current transformations in relevant State policy, these two papers contend that the Irish State effectively abandoned the language revival in the early 1970s and that the current reform process marks an equally significant policy watershed in that the independent State is now preparing to abandon its policy concerning the small surviving Irish-speaking districts (Gaeltacht).
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Language planning in Kazakhstan: The case of ergonyms as another scene of linguistic landscape of Astana
Author(s): Assel Akzhigitova and Sholpan Zharkynbekovapp.: 42–57 (16)More LessThe political, economic and sociocultural changes that took place after the break-up of the USSR continue to impact the linguistic landscape of Kazakhstan. The historical linkages to the Russian Empire and then the USSR, both of which were characterized by policies of Russification, have resulted in the existence of a highly multilingual society that features widespread bilingualism in Kazakh and Russian. The on-going bilingualism in Kazakhstan continues to significantly affect the growth rate of the national consciousness and the identity of Kazakh society. The focus of the study reported in this article was to understand how the complex pattern of language planning programs is reflected in the linguistic landscape of Kazakhstan and particularly in Astana, the new capital city, by examining how visual public signs (ergonyms) indicate the heterogeneous characteristics of the society and how different agencies work on the problems of language use and attitudes in the country.
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Lexical expansion and terminological planning in indigenous and planned languages: Comparisons between Te Reo Māori and Esperanto
Author(s): Chris Krägeloh and Tia N. Nehapp.: 59–86 (28)More LessThe development of terminology features heavily in language planning, and here the differences between planned and ethnic languages are much less pronounced. This is especially the case in languages with smaller numbers of speakers, or in indigenous and endangered languages such as Te Reo Māori of Aotearoa New Zealand that rely on language planning for their survival, and where conscious terminology planning is therefore commonplace. The present article compares the terminological principles that are applied in the creation of new terms in Te Reo Māori and the planned language Esperanto. Different preferences for endogenous versus exogenous ways of developing new words generate conflict in both language communities as they adapt to the demands of functioning in modern and international arenas. Long-term success in terminological planning can only be achieved by more comprehensive application of principles from terminological science to maximize the adequacy of the generated terms and their acceptance within the speech communities.
Volumes & issues
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Volume 48 (2024)
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Volume 47 (2023)
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Volume 46 (2022)
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Volume 45 (2021)
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Volume 44 (2020)
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Volume 43 (2019)
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Volume 42 (2018)
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Volume 41 (2017)
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Volume 40 (2016)
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Volume 39 (2015)
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Volume 38 (2014)
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Volume 37 (2013)
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Volume 36 (2012)
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Volume 35 (2011)
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Volume 34 (2010)
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Volume 33 (2009)
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Volume 32 (2008)
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Volume 31 (2007)
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Volume 30 (2006)
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Volume 29 (2005)
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Volume 28 (2004)
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Volume 27 (2003)
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Volume 26 (2002)
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Volume 25 (2001)
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Volume 24 (2000)
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Volume 23 (1999)
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Volume 22 (1998)
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Volume 21 (1997)
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Volume 20 (1996)
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Volume 19 (1995)
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Volume 18 (1994)
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Volume 17 (1993)
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Volume 16 (1992)
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Volume 15 (1991)
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Volume 14 (1990)
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Volume 13 (1989)
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Volume 12 (1988)
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Volume 11 (1987)
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Volume 10 (1986)
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Volume 9 (1985)
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Volume 8 (1984)
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Volume 7 (1983)
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Volume 6 (1982)
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Volume 5 (1981)
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Volume 4 (1980)
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Volume 3 (1979)
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Volume 2 (1978)
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Volume 1 (1977)
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