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- Volume 24, Issue, 2001
Lingvisticæ Investigationes - Volume 24, Issue 1, 2001
Volume 24, Issue 1, 2001
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Les ambiguïtés
Author(s): Maurice Grosspp.: 3–41 (39)More LessSummaryHomography of utterances (words or meaningful sequences of words) is a term used for ambiguity at the spelling level. Ambiguity is the preferred term for phrases and sentences. The present paper is an attempt to clarify the status of this notion. When people talk, write, read or listen to discourses, they seldom raise questions of ambiguity of words or phrases. Discourses, spoken or written, are rarely perceived as ambivalent at the linguistic level, hence the words from which they are composed are not ambiguous. Questions of ambiguity arise immediately when words are isolated from any context. In such cases, the discussion of the meaning of a word amounts to defining its dictionary entry, that is to enumerating its different meanings. The discrepancy between the two situations is summed up in one sentence: Contexts resolve ambiguities. When a word, a priori ambiguous according to dictionaries, is put to use in a discourse, this discourse filters out all irrelevant interpretations of the word. The organization of a dictionary is intended to provide contexts for the use of words. This information takes on different forms:–definitions incorporate semantic clues of use,–examples of usage provide syntactic and semantic information.Such information cannot be considered as explicit contexts, thus it is up to the human user to generalize these indications in order to apply them to the interpretation of texts. We present a number of situations where contexts can be formalized and systematically described.
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Tagging and parsing with rules: The case of Swedish
Author(s): Atro Voutilainenpp.: 43–66 (24)More LessSummaryThis paper outlines a new system for tagging and parsing Swedish texts. The system is modelled on our earlier work on English tagging and parsing (Constraint Grammar, Functional Dependency Grammar). The paper consists of the following sections: earlier work on Swedish analysis; tagging and parsing in the Helsinki approach; outline of the system itself; a small performance experiment and discussion.
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Reduction of lexical ambiguity
Author(s): Éric Laportepp.: 67–103 (37)More LessSummaryWe examine various issues faced during the elaboration of lexical disambiguators, e.g. issues related with linguistic analyses underlying disambiguators, and we exemplify these issues with grammatical constraints. We also examine computational problems and show how they are connected with linguistic problems: the influence of the granularity of tagsets, the definition of realistic and useful objectives, and the construction of the data required for the reduction of ambiguity. We show why a formalism is required for automatic ambiguity reduction, we analyse its function and we present a typology of such formalisms.
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Levée d’ambiguïtés sur les mots lexicaux et grammaticaux
Author(s): Anne Disterpp.: 105–126 (22)More LessSummaryAmbiguity is a central problem in computational linguistics. In this paper, we propose a reflexion based on our work of morpho-syntaxic disambiguation with the intex system. intex is an environment of linguistic development which includes large coverage dictionaries constructed at LADL. With the examples of verbs and adjectives, we show that choices on the encoding of linguistic information in the dictionary are central in the definition of ambiguity. The expected accuracy in tags (in linear tagging mode) considerably influences the results of disambiguation. In the second part of the paper, we examine the most frequent ambiguous words in a big corpus, in terms of words or of parts of speech. Based on these figures, we apply our method with local grammars to disambiguate words: determinants or pronouns; names, adjectives or verbs.
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Grammaires de levée d’ambiguïtés entre noms et adjectifs
Author(s): Paula Carvalhopp.: 127–145 (19)More LessSummaryMost of lexical ambiguity caused by homography can only be resolved by the syntactic analysis of the structures where the homographs appear. Thus, in order to resolve ambiguity caused by the homography between nouns and adjectives, we constructed for Portuguese formal grammars that describe noun phrase structures with adjectives. The formal properties of about 2,000 adjectives have been studied and, according to their behavior, they have been integrated in different classes and sub-classes. The syntactic and distributional properties of those adjectives were coded and associated to the corresponding entries of the Portuguese electronic dictionary DELAS. Furthermore, a library of more than one hundred local grammars for resolving ambiguity was constructed. Those grammars are represented internally by finite transducers that, in combination with the dictionary information, are applied by INTEX to the disambiguation of noun phrases. Some results of disambiguation are briefly discussed and exemplified.
Volumes & issues
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Volume 47 (2024)
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Volume 46 (2023)
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Volume 45 (2022)
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Volume 44 (2021)
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Volume 43 (2020)
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Volume 42 (2019)
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Volume 41 (2018)
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Volume 40 (2017)
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Volume 39 (2016)
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Volume 38 (2015)
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Volume 37 (2014)
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Volume 36 (2013)
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Volume 35 (2012)
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Volume 34 (2011)
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Volume 33 (2010)
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Volume 32 (2009)
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Volume 31 (2008)
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Volume 30 (2007)
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Volume 29 (2006)
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Volume 28 (2005)
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Volume 27 (2004)
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Volume 26 (2003)
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Volume 25 (2002)
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Volume 24 (2001)
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Volume 23 (2000)
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Volume 22 (1998)
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Volume 21 (1997)
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Volume 20 (1996)
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Volume 19 (1995)
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Volume 18 (1994)
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Volume 17 (1993)
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Volume 16 (1992)
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Volume 15 (1991)
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Volume 14 (1990)
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Volume 13 (1989)
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Volume 12 (1988)
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Volume 11 (1987)
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Volume 10 (1986)
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Volume 9 (1985)
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Volume 8 (1984)
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Volume 7 (1983)
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Volume 6 (1982)
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Volume 5 (1981)
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Volume 4 (1980)
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Volume 3 (1979)
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Volume 2 (1978)
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Volume 1 (1977)
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