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- Volume 40, Issue, 2017
Lingvisticæ Investigationes - Volume 40, Issue 2, 2017
Volume 40, Issue 2, 2017
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Relative clauses in Persian
Author(s): Elias Abdollahnejad and Hamideh Marefatpp.: 135–149 (15)More LessThis study is a corpus-based investigation of Persian relative clauses (RCs) used in written mode. 535 instances of RCs occurring in 1634 sentences in 40 editorials of four newspapers published in Iran were spotted and analyzed to determine the frequency of each RC type and the occurrence of certain features including complementizer ke, object marker râ, different representations of the relativised element in the modifying clause, and the status of gap and resumptive pronoun in the RC. The results indicated that subject RCs are the most frequent types. The tendency to use object marker râ before the modifying RC ( Karimi, 2001 ) was confirmed. Besides, some tokens were witnessed contrasting Taghvaipour’s (2005) proposals on the ungrammaticality of resumption in Persian subject ordinary and object free RCs and the necessity of prefix hær- ‘ever’ in all Persian free RCs.
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Are superordinates such as furniture and belongings collective nouns?
Author(s): Laure Gardellepp.: 150–172 (23)More LessOne area of debate as to the boundaries of the class of “collective nouns” concerns non-count singular nouns such as furniture, which are typically used for several units of different kinds. Arguments for and against inclusion have been put forward, but ultimately, what has been noted is a number of similarities and differences compared with count collective nouns. This makes both positions as legitimate, especially as collective nouns are a partly heterogeneous class (e.g. only those denoting humans, or sometimes animals, license plural override: the committee were… vs. *the bouquet were…). The present paper addresses the issue from a different angle, comparing furniture nouns not just with other singular nouns (whether collective or superordinate), but with count nouns in the plural (e.g. toys). This new angle enables us to propose that furniture nouns are superordinate hyperonyms of plural, rather than singular, categories. This notion accounts for all the similarities and differences noted between furniture nouns and count collective nouns, and leads to the conclusion that furniture nouns are clearly not collective nouns. The analysis is then extended to non-count plural nouns that denote units (e.g. belongings), which have been neglected, or sometimes rejected on arbitrary grounds. The present study shows that they are not collective nouns either, and that they, too, are superordinates, some of them hyperonyms of plural categories.
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Changement grammatical et discursif en français multiculturel de la région parisienne
Author(s): Maria Secovapp.: 173–199 (27)More LessCet article cherche à comparer la variation et le changement dans deux domaines linguistiques, à savoir la grammaire et le discours. Il présente les résultats du projet « Multicultural London English – Multicultural Paris French » et s’interroge sur les différences dans l’usage des traits innovants et leur corrélation avec certaines catégories sociales. Du côté grammatical, la recherche se concentre en particulier sur l’usage des interrogatives indirectes in situ telles que je sais pas c’est qui et je sais ça veut dire quoi, fréquemment utilisées à l’oral chez certains locuteurs. Du côté pragmatico-discursif, elle discute de l’utilisation des particules d’extension (et tout, et tout ça). L’étude révèle que la distribution des innovations discursives n’est pas la même que celle des innovations grammaticales, dont l’usage est davantage clivé en fonction des catégories sociales. L’article tente d’apporter des éclairages sur les processus de grammaticalisation et de changement, en s’interrogeant sur l’existence d’un français multiculturel typiquement « jeune » ou typiquement « parisien ».
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Résolution de l’ambiguïté sémantique des noms propres par utilisation des croyances sur les connaissances d’autrui – application au prénom
Author(s): Raoul Blinpp.: 200–227 (28)More LessUn nom propre, parfois porté par des centaines de milliers d’individus, lorsqu’il apparaît sans déterminant dans un énoncé, ne peut faire référence qu’à un seul et unique individu, non quelconque et identique pour le locuteur et son allocutaire. Une bonne part de la désambiguïsation repose sur l’usage des données contextuelles. Nous proposons un modèle opératoire du processus d’interprétation du nom propre, et plus précisément du prénom. Nous mettons en particulier l’accent sur l’articulation entre la grammaire et les connaissances générales, ainsi que la théorie de l’esprit.
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From the heavy to the light verb
Author(s): Begoña Sanromán Vilaspp.: 228–273 (46)More LessThe study aims to show that the selection of the Spanish light verb tomar ‘to take’ within a light verb construction (LVC), rather than being arbitrary, is based on its meaning. To support this claim the hypothesis of semantic compatibility is tested. According to this hypothesis, light verbs are paradigmatically related to their heavier counterparts and syntagmatically to the nouns within the same LVC by means of components of meaning called lexical features. After a fine-grained analysis of the polysemous verb tomar, the study provides a tentative list of lexical features that function as semantic links between the lexical units within the polysemous tomar, as well as elements of semantic agreement between the components within the same LVC.
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Du participe passé en français
Author(s): Jacques Bres and Christel Le Bellecpp.: 274–303 (30)More LessDu participe passé en français : fonctionnements, valeur en langue et effets de sens en discours
Qu’est-ce qui fait que le participe passé en emploi nu peut être incident au prime actant des intransitifs-être (à l’exception de aller), de quelques rares intransitifs-avoir, de certains pronominaux, ainsi qu’au second actant des transitifs ? Mais qu’il ne peut être incident au prime actant ni des intransitifs-avoir (dans leur grande majorité) ni des transitifs ? Il apparaît que les paramètres de l’agentivité et de la transitionnalité permettent de décrire ce fonctionnement. L’hypothèse que nous développons propose l’aspect détensif du participe passé comme étant la clé explicative. Nous testons cette hypothèse en analysant les différents effets de sens en discours du participe passé en fonction de l’aspect lexical du procès.
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Grammaticalization across Romance languages and the pace of language change
Author(s): Béatrice Lamiroy and Anna Pinedapp.: 304–331 (28)More LessGrammaticalization across Romance languages and the pace of language change. The position of Catalan.
In several works on grammaticalization, one of the authors of this paper has established a grammaticalization cline which posits three major Romance languages: French at one extreme, Spanish at the other, and Italian in between ( Lamiroy, 1999 , 2001 , 2003 , 2011 , Lamiroy & De Mulder, 2011 , De Mulder & Lamiroy, 2012 , Van de Velde & Lamiroy, 2017 ). Our purpose is to place Catalan on this cline. To achieve our goal, we use data of Catalan related to several topics, viz. auxiliaries, past tense, existential sentences, mood and demonstratives. Catalan shows contradictory evidence: whereas the grammaticalization process in certain domains suggests that it parallels Spanish and Italian, in many others, it patterns with French. Thus the hypothesis for which we provide evidence here is the following cline : French > Catalan > Italian > Spanish.
Volumes & issues
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Volume 46 (2023)
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Volume 45 (2022)
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Volume 44 (2021)
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Volume 43 (2020)
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Volume 42 (2019)
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Volume 41 (2018)
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Volume 40 (2017)
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Volume 39 (2016)
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Volume 38 (2015)
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Volume 37 (2014)
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Volume 36 (2013)
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Volume 35 (2012)
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Volume 34 (2011)
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Volume 33 (2010)
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Volume 32 (2009)
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Volume 31 (2008)
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Volume 30 (2007)
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Volume 29 (2006)
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Volume 28 (2005)
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Volume 27 (2004)
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Volume 26 (2003)
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Volume 25 (2002)
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Volume 24 (2001)
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Volume 23 (2000)
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Volume 22 (1998)
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Volume 21 (1997)
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Volume 20 (1996)
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Volume 19 (1995)
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Volume 18 (1994)
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Volume 17 (1993)
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Volume 16 (1992)
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Volume 15 (1991)
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Volume 14 (1990)
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Volume 13 (1989)
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Volume 12 (1988)
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Volume 11 (1987)
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Volume 10 (1986)
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Volume 9 (1985)
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Volume 8 (1984)
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Volume 7 (1983)
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Volume 6 (1982)
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Volume 5 (1981)
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Volume 4 (1980)
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Volume 3 (1979)
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Volume 2 (1978)
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Volume 1 (1977)