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- Volume 6, Issue, 1994
Target. International Journal of Translation Studies - Volume 6, Issue 1, 1994
Volume 6, Issue 1, 1994
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Semantic Models and Translating
Author(s): Paul Kussmaulpp.: 1–13 (13)More LessAbstract: This paper examines the relevance of three semantic models for translation. Structural semantics, more specifically semantic feature analysis, has given rise to the maxim that we should translate "bundles of semantic features". Prototype semantics suggests that word-meanings have cores and fuzzy edges which are influenced by culture. For translation this means that we do not necessarily translate bundles of features but have to decide whether to focus on the core or the fuzzy edges of the meaning of a particular word. Scenes-and-frames semantics suggests that word meaning is influenced by context and the situation we are in. Word-meaning is thus not static but dynamic, and it is this dynamism which should govern our decisions as translators.Résumé: Le présent article examine l'importance de trois modèles sémantiques pour la traduction. La sémantique structurale, plus précisément l'analyse sémique des lexèmes, propose de traduire un ensemble de sèmes. Suivant la sémantique des prototypes, le sens d'un mot se compose d'un noyau et de zones aux contours imprécis qui subissent l'influence de facteurs culturels. On ne traduit donc pas un ensemble de sèmes: on mettra l'accent soit sur le noyau, soit sur les zones imprécises du sens d'un mot. La sémantique des "scenes-and-frames" fait dépendre le sens d'un mot du contexte et du type de communication. Aussi la signification n'est pas une donnée statique, mais le fruit d'un processus dynamique. Cette dynamique devrait guider nos décisions de traducteur.
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Did Adapa Indeed Lose His Chance for Eternal Life?: A Rationale for Translating Ancient Texts into a Modern Language
Author(s): Shlomo Izre'elpp.: 15–41 (27)More LessAbstract: This paper takes as a model for discussing the issue of translating ancient texts into a modern language and for a modern western society an ancient Mesopotamian myth written in the Semitic Akkadian language. Aiming for an oral production for a Hebrew-speaking audience in contemporary Israel, the translator has tackled problems of transmission in both poetics and language. The genre and linguistic gaps have been bridged by the existent proximity of the two cultures in poetic meter. Both the theoretical approach and some practical problems and solutions are discussed.Résumé: Un ancien mythe mesopotamien ecrit en akkadien, langue semitique, sert d'objet a une discussion sur la traduction de textes anciens en une langue moderne et pour une societe occidentale moderne. En concevant une version orale pour des auditeurs d'expression hebraïque en l'Israel d'aujourd'hui, le traducteur a rencontre sur les plans poetique et langagier des problemes de transfert, que la proximite des deux cultures quant au metre poetique a permis de resoudre. La demarche theorique ainsi que des questions et solutions pratiques font l'objet d'une discussion.
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Twelfth-Century Toledo and Strategies of the Literalist Trojan Horse
Author(s): Anthony Pympp.: 43–66 (24)More LessAbstract: The scientific translating associated with twelfth-century Toledo remains a poorly understood phenomenon. Attention to its political dimension suggests that it should not be attached to the state-subsidized work carried out under Alfonso X after 1250 but is better explained in terms of Cluniac sponsorship of the first Latin translation of the Qur'an in 1142. This approach reveals grounds for potential conflict between the foreign scientific translators and the Toledo cathedral. Such conflict would nevertheless have been smoothed over by certain translation principles serving both scientific and religious interests. The foremost of these principles were literalism, secondary elaboration, the use of teamwork, the inferiorization of non-Latinist intermediaries, justification of conquest and the accordance of authority to non-Christian texts. Thanks to this shared regime, the Church helped scientific translations to enter Latin. But the translations brought with them a questioning spirit that would contest and eventually undermine Church authority.Résumé: L'activité traductive associée à ce qu'on appelle communément «VÉcole de Tolède» au XIIème siècle reste mal comprise. Dans ses dimensions politiques, elle apparaît plus liée au patronage par l 'abbé de Cluny de la traduction du Coran entreprise en 1142 qu'aux travaux exécutés sous l'égide d'Alphonse X à partir de 1250. Cette approche nous amène à constater certains conflits latents entre les traducteurs scientifiques étran-gers et les instances de la cathédrale de Tolede. Les conflits sont cependant limités grâce au respect partagé de certains principes de traduction servant à la fois l'Église et la science: le littéralisme, l'emploi d'un discours explicatif, le travail en équipe, la dévalorisation des intermédiaires non latinistes, la justification des conquêtes, et la reconnaissance de l' autorité de certains textes non-chrétiens. Ainsi l'Église favorise la traduction de textes scientifiques en latin qui, de par leur esprit critique, devaient plus tard remettre en cause l'autorité religieuse.
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Übersetzung * Translation * Traduction: An International Encyclopedia of Translation Studies
Author(s): Christina Wipfpp.: 67–80 (14)More LessUnusual ventures justify special measures. The project outlined below is such a venture. It concerns a new, large-scale encyclopedia of translation studies. Scheduled for publication by Walter de Gruyter (Berlin/New York) in 1999-2001 as part of their series of Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science (general editors Hugo Steger and Herbert Ernst Wiegand), the encyclopedia Übersetzung * Translation * Traduction will consist of some 400 articles spread over three volumes of around 1,000 (large-format) pages each. The editors are Armin Paul Frank (Göttingen), Norbert Greiner (Heidelberg), Theo Hermans (London), Harald Kittel (Göttingen), Werner Koller (Bergen), José Lambert (Leuven) and Fritz Paul (Göttingen).In the following pages the editors submit their project for public scrutiny. The presentation is necessarily brief, and covers only the general nature and overall structure of the Encyclopedia. Further information, including a detailed list of individual articles, may be obtained from the editor-in-chief at the address below. The editors invite readers of Target to come forward with comments, criticism and suggestions to improve the existing concept. Please write to: Dr Harald Kittel, SFB 309 'Die Literarische Übersetzung', Georg-August-Univer-sität Göttingen, Humboldtallee 17, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany.
Volumes & issues
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Volume 32 (2020)
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Volume 31 (2019)
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Volume 30 (2018)
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Volume 29 (2017)
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Volume 28 (2016)
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Volume 27 (2015)
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Volume 26 (2014)
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Volume 25 (2013)
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Volume 24 (2012)
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Volume 23 (2011)
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Volume 22 (2010)
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Volume 21 (2009)
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Volume 20 (2008)
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Volume 19 (2007)
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Volume 18 (2006)
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Volume 17 (2005)
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Volume 16 (2004)
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Volume 15 (2003)
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Volume 14 (2002)
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Volume 13 (2001)
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Volume 12 (2000)
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Volume 11 (1999)
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Volume 10 (1998)
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Volume 9 (1997)
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Volume 8 (1996)
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Volume 7 (1995)
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Volume 6 (1994)
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Volume 5 (1993)
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Volume 4 (1992)
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Volume 3 (1991)
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Volume 2 (1990)
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Volume 1 (1989)
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