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- Volume 12, Issue, 2017
Translation and Interpreting Studies. The Journal of the American Translation and Interpreting Studies Association - Volume 12, Issue 2, 2017
Volume 12, Issue 2, 2017
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The relative need for Comparative Translation Studies
Author(s): Luc van Doorslaerpp.: 213–230 (18)More LessThis article asks to what extent Comparative Translation Studies is needed and realistic to achieve. The difficulties of comparative approaches in other disciplines are related to translation studies, where ‘comparative’ up to now has been used for several levels of analysis. An important difference with most other disciplines is that comparison seems to be more self-evident in a trans-discipline like translation studies, where transfer between two or more sides is always immanently present. The selection of the units of analysis/comparison is a pitfall, particularly when working with larger units at a systemic or sociocultural level when studying cultural (ex)change. It is suggested that existing tools used in translation studies can be helpful in structuring the approach and the methodology: both mixed-method models from descriptive translation studies and existing conceptual maps in the discipline.
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Corpus-based methods for Comparative Translation and Interpreting Studies
Author(s): María Calzada Pérezpp.: 231–252 (22)More LessComparative Translation and Interpreting Studies (CTIS1) encompasses all research processes resulting from the comparison of theories, products, and practices associated with the tasks performed by translators and interpreters during their work. A specific set of comparative methods and tools are derived from Corpus-based Translation and Interpreting Studies (CTIS2). In an attempt to conduct CTIS1 from a CTIS2 perspective, this article applies (modern diachronic) corpus-based ideas, such as priming theory and corpus tools, to build a comparative methodology and analysis with the European Comparable and Parallel Corpus (ECPC) archive. The article focuses on the notions of difference and similarity to better understand the field.
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Globalization, translation, and cultural diversity
Author(s): Annie Brisset and Marielle Godboutpp.: 253–277 (25)More LessThe share of the economy related to translation activities is growing steadily under the influence of the globalization of exchanges. Today it numbers dozens of billions of which an increasing share belongs to machine translation. Various factors, such as migratory flows or the propagation of mobile telephony, prompt new translation practices in a variety of languages with simultaneous coverage enabled by networks. Nevertheless, is it true as we intuitively believe that translation promotes linguistic and cultural diversity? This article originates from a study conducted for UNESCO’s world report on cultural diversity (2009). This study notably reveals that 75% of all books are translated from three languages with 55% being from English. On a planetary scale, translation is dominated by some twenty languages, primarily European. In the new world economic order, the urgent and paradoxical task is to “rebabelize” the world.
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Translation studies communities in Spain and South Korea
Author(s): Weili Wang and Xiangdong Lipp.: 278–309 (32)More LessTranslation Studies (TS), while being one academic discipline, may develop differently in different regions under the influence of sociocultural contextual factors. TS communities in different societies may have different research foci and standards. However, to date, there has been little empirical research into such regional variations. By piloting a cross-national comparative study of the TS communities in Spain and South Korea, this study aims to identify and map the research foci and standards of the two TS communities, describe and explain real or apparent differences and similarities between them, and ultimately enhance understanding and awareness of possible particularities in different TS communities. Scholarly articles published in 24 international, Spain-based and Korea-based TS journals were systematically analyzed. The contributions of Spain-based and Korea-based scholars were compared diachronically. Results suggest that the two TS communities have differences in research foci, methodology, and authorship, and that over time the differences seem to decrease, potentially attributed to context-specific factors of the two TS communities.
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Translator training in Canada and Russia
Author(s): Gleb Dmitrienkopp.: 310–331 (22)More LessThe purpose of this paper is to shed some light onto contemporary translation didactics as a “virgin” field of applied TS that cannot be successfully developed without a new, multidisciplinary approach that would put forward the specificity of translator training as a distinct, socially valuable practice. We hypothesize that as socially-specific, practice-oriented products of the interaction between the systems of translation and of professional education, translator training programs are dependent on the social perception of translating activity as well as on the degree of its institutionalization as a profession. Given that contemporary translation and interpretation practices, as well as translator training programs, are limited to local manifestations, the social and cultural discrepancies impede any comparativism in this field of applied TS. However, in applying a sociological approach to translator training, we propose a methodological framework for a sociologically-informed comparative analysis that would lift the cultural and institutional barriers that until now have been distorting our vision of translation as a global social practice and have thus prevented us from conducting comparative analysis of a wide variety of translational phenomena as manifested in different locales, conceived in terms of both time and space. In order to illustrate our propositions, we present the reader with a case study of the most prototypical translator training programs in Canada and Russia – countries that, due to the differences in the theoretical, practical and didactic setup of their respective fields of translation and interpretation, offer appropriate support for our comparative methodology.
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A comparative study of translation or interpreting as a profession in Russia, China and Spain
Author(s): Sergey Tyulenev, Binghan Zheng and Penelope Johnsonpp.: 332–354 (23)More LessIn this article, three different cultural and socio-political systems, those of China, Spain, and Russia, are compared in terms of how translation and interpreting are viewed. The principal aim is to propose a tentative model for conducting a synchronic comparative translation and interpreting research study across several regions. Two types of organization have been studied – embassies/consulates and translation bureaus. First, these types of organization routinely commission, use, and assess translations. Second, such organizations are likely to be found in the majority of countries in today’s world (hence, the number of countries to be compared could be increased). The first type, embassies/consulates, provides an ‘external’ view of translation, that is, the view of consumers of translation. The second type, translation agencies, on the other hand, furnishes examples of the ‘internal’ view of translation producers. First, the official requirements for the submission of documents in foreign languages as described on the sites of embassies and consulates are examined. The research questions include: What are the requirements for translating documents in foreign languages? Whose translations are recognized as legitimate? What are the quality assurance mechanisms for the translations? Then the requirements applicants for a job in a translation agency have to fulfill in the three countries are examined. The analysis focused on how translation is perceived and assessed. What is required from translators/interpreters helps us to gauge the status of translation and its level of professionalization in a particular society, while comparing three different societies allows us to compare the degree of professionalization of translation in different countries.
Volumes & issues
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Volume 19 (2024)
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Volume 18 (2023)
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Volume 17 (2022)
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Volume 16 (2021)
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Volume 15 (2020)
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Volume 14 (2019)
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Volume 13 (2018)
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Volume 12 (2017)
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Volume 11 (2016)
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Volume 10 (2015)
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Volume 9 (2014)
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Volume 8 (2013)
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Volume 7 (2012)
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Volume 6 (2011)
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Volume 5 (2010)
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Volume 4 (2009)
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Volume 3 (2008)
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Volume 2 (2007)
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Volume 1 (2006)
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