Cognitive Linguistic Studies - Volume 6, Issue 2, 2019

Abstract

The Polish perfumery discourse is permeated with various kinds of metaphors, starting with lexicalized metaphorical terms, e.g., nuta “note”, to creative, extended, and elaborated metaphors, e.g., Intensywnie doprawiony przedpokój prowadzi do cytrusowegosalonu, który jak dla mnie mógłby zajmować trochę mniej miejsca, bo najbardziej wartościowa jest kuchnia – serce domu! “Intensively flavored entrance hall leads to the citrus salon, which for me could be smaller because the most valuable is the kitchen – the heart of a home!” This paper concentrates on a specific type of verbal metaphor, used quite often in the Polish perfumery discourse, called narrative metaphor. Such narrative metaphors can encompass extensive fragments of a discourse or even a whole text. This study describes the triggers of narrative metaphors in perfumery discourse and emphasizes the importance of reference in such metaphor analysis.

Abstract

Metonymy of a predicate, in which the source event implies the target event, is called predicational metonymy. This paper focused on a Japanese productive predicational metonymy, action for causation, and described its linguistic preference in terms of aspectual construal based on a corpus-driven quantitative investigation. The results revealed that an event that is bounded and durative is preferred as the metonymic vehicle in action for causation metonymy. The two cognitive principles, bounded over unbounded and durative over punctual, were proposed to explain the linguistic preference. It was suggested that the two principles can be subsumed under the fundamental cognitive principle of good Gestalt over poor Gestalt, and that this general principle governs metonymic preference of both predicates and nominal phrases.

Abstract

The present research studies the naming procedure of technological devices among South Tunisian old people. This study is a reconsideration of the findings of Boubakri (2015) making use of the data collected in an attempt to understand the phenomenon on the basis of a cognitive approach. The data is collected through unintentional observation followed by intentional observation, and it was concluded that old people’s naming procedure is dictated by their internal sensory makeup (Boubakri 2015: 166). On the basis of the collected data and others collected for the purpose of the present research, it is concluded that the cognitive concept of construal lies behind old people’s naming procedure of technological devices, and that the internal cognitive factor involved in the emergence of the construal is metaphor. More precisely, this metaphor is mataphtonymy which is basically motivated by the psychological state of its user.

Abstract

This paper investigates the use of animal-related concepts in the proverbs of English, French, Arabic, and Kabyle. Research in cognitive linguistics has highlighted the important role played by cultural influences in conceptual metaphor variation (Kövecses 2005). Animal-related proverbs constitute interesting examples of cultural influences upon conceptual metaphor and its instantiation in language (Belkhir 2014, 2012). The principle of hierarchy underlying the Great Chain Metaphor Theory has been questioned. It has been demonstrated that in addition to the ranking of human and animal concepts on a hierarchical scale, animal concepts were also ranked on the scale (Belkhir 2014). The present article attempts to show that there exists another type of ranking that seems to have never been explored to date; that is, the ranking of concepts within the same animal species. Therefore, this paper offers a cross-cultural cognitive study of some animal-related concepts’ use in a sample of English, French, Arabic, and Kabyle proverbs. Its aim is to explore the influence of cultural contexts and cultural models upon the main meaning foci characterizing the concepts dog, lion, ass, horse, camel, and ox leading to, not only a hierarchical classification of these animals, but to a classification of animals within one animal species as a result of the influences of cultural contexts and cultural models. The conclusion is that sociocultural contexts determine the main meaning foci characterizing the animal source domain concepts involved in the human is animal metaphor resulting in animal-animal rankings within different species, and animal-animal rankings within the same species.

Abstract

Conceptual metaphor theory highlights that metaphor is a matter of thinking. This assumption indicates that metaphors exist not only in language, but also in other modes. This study examines uses of visual and visual-verbal metaphors in 50 Chinese editorial cartoons conceptualizing serious haze problem, with the intention of eliciting implicit meaning conveyed by visual signs alone or together with verbal texts. Both conceptual and critical discourse analysis of the metaphors are conducted. The study finds that the way a metaphor is realized visually and verbally in a cartoon determines the features mapped onto the topic, and further implicitly expresses a critical stance toward the topic under discussion. The metaphors in the cartoons evoke a general understanding of haze problem by activating the war scenario and familiar cultural or social context in viewers. It is found in this corpus that visual fusion and visual replacement are the most frequent kinds of visual metaphors. The study further affirms that visual metaphors are better in conveying rich and implicit conceptual and affective meaning, and can be direct manifestation of the conceptual metaphor without the mediation of language. In sum the study suggests the need for an integrated approach to visual metaphoric representation in multimodal analysis.

Abstract

Looking at isomorphic constructs from an algebraic perspective, this article suggests that every concrete construct is understood by reference to an underlying abstract schema in the mind of comprehender. The complex form of every abstract schema is created by the gradual development of its elementary form. Throughout the process of cognitive development, new features are added to the elementary form of abstract schema, which leads to gradual formation of a fully-developed abstract schema. Every developed abstract schema is the underlying source for understanding an infinite number of concrete isomorphic constructs. It is suggested that the process of the mapping of base domain (base construct) unto target domain (target construct) is conducted and mediated by an abstract domain. This abstract domain, which is free from concrete features of base and target, is isomorphic to both base and target domains. To describe the mediatory role of this abstract domain, it might be argued that the chain process of understanding a less familiar domain in terms of a relatively more familiar domain (salience imbalance model) cannot continue infinitely. This chain must stop at some point. This point is the abstract domain, which is isomorphic to base and target domains.

This article reviews Conceptual conflicts in metaphors and figurative language9781138631335$ 77.99

This article reviews Cognitive Linguistics in the English as a Foreign Language Classroom: An Empirical Study on Teaching Phrasal Verbs978-8309-3853-8978-3-8309-8853-3€39,90