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- Volume 3, Issue 1, 2024
Journal of Uralic Linguistics - Volume 3, Issue 1, 2024
Volume 3, Issue 1, 2024
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Existential, locative and possessive predication in Kamas
Author(s): Chris Lasse Däbritz and Beáta Wagner-Nagypp.: 4–29 (26)More LessAbstractThis paper describes and analyses existential, locative and possessive predications in Kamas. Starting from a functional-semantic perspective, we show that the three types of predications share many features, but they also exhibit some important differences. Given that two layers of Kamas can be distinguished, we demonstrate that the reactivated Kamas of the last speaker, Klavdiya Plotnikova, exhibits some peculiarities which can be explained partly by Russian influence. The most important result of the study is that the boundaries between the three predication types are rather fluid in Kamas, whereas the distinction between affirmative and negative clauses is morphosyntactically unambiguously manifested. This polarity split, given that it is seldom recognised in the general literature, may provide important implications for linguistic typology and theory.
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The origin of Uralic-speaking groups from a historical genetic point of view
Author(s): Endre Németh and Sándor Szeverényipp.: 30–54 (25)More LessAbstractIn recent years, a number of primarily linguistic studies have dealt with the origin of the Uralic language family. These studies formulated important and, in some cases, novel results regarding the location of the Proto-Uralic homeland, the classification of linguistic branches, the chronology and geographical aspects of migration routes, and even the archaeological cultures embodying the migration routes. At the same time, our knowledge of the gene pool of the Uralic peoples has also increased significantly. The aim of the present study is to identify parallels and discrepancies between the latest linguistic and historical genetic results. We highlight several convergences between recent conclusions of linguistics and our model based on Y-chromosome data. A key finding is a correlation between Uralic language sub-branches and N subgroups. The direction and chronology of the eastward migration of these N subgroups may also shed new light on the Uralic-Chukchi, Uralic-Yukaghir and Uralic-Altaic linguistic parallels.
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A case study of comparative metaphor analysis in Finnish and Hungarian news texts
Author(s): Tímea Borbála Bajzát and Simon Gáborpp.: 55–86 (32)More LessAbstractDespite remarkable previous results of cognitive linguistic analysis of metaphorization in Finnish and Hungarian even in a cross-linguistic context (Huumo 2019; Máthé 2022), a systematic comparative study of the patterns of linguistic metaphors in these two languages is still to be carried out. The aim of this paper is to fill this research gap by proposing a MIPVU-inspired protocol for metaphor identification in languages with rich morphology and presenting the preliminary results of a small-scale corpus analysis. The study is organized around the following questions: (i) How can we adapt and extend the original MIPVU method for agglutinative Uralic languages like Hungarian and Finnish? (ii) How can we implement the adapted method in a collaborative parallel annotation process of sampled news texts? (iii) What are the differences in metaphorical patterns between Finnish and Hungarian? The paper details the adapted protocol of MIPVU for the Hungarian language (Simon et al. 2023), and how it can be applied to Finnish, demonstrating its applicability in a research corpus. Our findings demonstrate a relatively similar metaphorization in Hungarian and Finnish with slight differences in terms of the frequency of metaphorical expressions, their semantic relations, and the complexity of argument structure constructions.
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The modal analysis of the Hungarian future auxiliary fog ‘will, be going to’
Author(s): Viktória Virovecpp.: 87–117 (31)More LessAbstractIn this paper it is argued that the Hungarian future auxiliary fog is a modal rather than a temporal operator. As opposed to previous findings in the literature, the paper claims that it can be used when the proposition is inferred, therefore it can have an epistemic modal base. The results of a questionnaire study and introspective data are presented to support this claim. Based on these data, it is argued that the distributional difference between fog and the non-past cannot be explained by the presence or absence of temporal ambiguity only, the choice also depends on the context. Namely, the use of the non-past is marginal if the speaker infers the truth of the proposition from contextually known facts, while fog is natural and acceptable in such cases. The Hungarian data presented further strengthen the hypothesis that there is a strong connection between future-referring morphemes and epistemic modality.
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