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Volume 13, Issue 1, 2026
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The use of MT and AI for translation by legal professionals in Canada
Author(s): Marie-Hélène Girard, Etienne Lehoux-Jobin and Marc Pomerleaupp.: 8–28 (21)More LessAbstractThis paper draws on data from a survey to examine how legal professionals in Canada use machine translation (MT) and artificial intelligence (AI) for translation purposes. Specifically, it investigates how they engage with such technologies to translate legal texts and considers the broader challenges arising from their use. The paper begins by clarifying key terms and reviewing the state of the art in two intersecting areas: the place of translation within the context of legal AI, and MT and AI for legal translation. It then outlines Canada’s unique linguistic and legal context, followed by a presentation of the survey methodology. The results are subsequently presented and discussed, followed by a few final reflections. Ultimately, the Canadian case highlights the need to place human expertise, linguistic equity, and context-sensitive policies at the heart of any responsible use of MT and AI for legal translation — especially when these technologies are employed by non-translators.
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Transcreation and AI in global marketing
Author(s): Emma Aulló-Saura, Juncal Gutiérrez-Artacho and Mar Díaz Millónpp.: 29–59 (31)More LessAbstractThis study investigates transcreation in global marketing through a comparative case study of selected sections of Apple’s and Sunstech’s multilingual websites (English<>Spanish). Using the FACT framework, it evaluates content adaptation, cultural localization, and linguistic strategies. Apple employs a hybrid strategy, blending standardization and transcreation, maintaining structural consistency while adapting key visual and textual elements for cultural relevance. Sunstech, however, relies heavily on standardization, with translation deficiencies affecting its cultural and linguistic resonance. The study also explores AI’s role in transcreation, highlighting its efficiency in handling large volumes of content. However, AI-generated translations often lack cultural nuance and creative adaptation, requiring human intervention to ensure cultural and contextual appropriateness. Ultimately, the study advocates for a hybrid transcreation approach that combines technology with human creativity, enhancing global brand communication and positioning in increasingly diverse and competitive markets.
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Deliberate game-making choices, on-screen language, and translation
Author(s): Krzysztof Wiesław Hejduk and Mikołaj Deckertpp.: 60–83 (24)More LessAbstractThis article offers insights resulting from an interview with the Studio Art Director at Ustwo Games, David Fernández Huerta. We discuss artistic vision and graphic design considerations pertinent to diegetic writings in games as a case in point. In Cognitive Translation Studies, On-Screen Language is a multifaceted framework for the analysis of digital games and other audiovisual media that aspires to map the various functional, cognitive, and technical dimensions of visual-verbal coding of messages. It seeks to facilitate translation product and process research, and possibly feed into translatorial practice. Based on the conversation, the article proposes to unpack these notions through a perspective grounded in relevant literature, and so it becomes an example of collaboration between an Industry agent and representatives of Academia. The interview was semi-structured and is presented here in an abridged format, slightly edited for clarity and brevity.
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Review of Jiménez-Crespo (2024): Localization in Translation
Author(s): Parthena Charalampidoupp.: 84–95 (12)More LessThis article reviews Localization in Translation978103237576297810323573009781003340904
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Review of Vidal Claramonte & Lee (2024): Hypertranslation
Author(s): Xichen Sunpp.: 96–102 (7)More LessThis article reviews Hypertranslation9781009518826
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Harnessing technology
Author(s): Therese Lundin
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